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By: Drivers.com staff
Date: Saturday, 19. July 2008
News that the world's richest man, Microsoft's Bill Gates, has bought a personal stake in Ballard Power Systems , has renewed interest in the Canadian developer of fuel cells. But Ballard has long been working with some of the major auto manufacturers to find a cleaner alternative to the internal combustion engine.
As the world leader in developing zero-emission proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells, Ballard is working in partnership with DaimlerChrysler and Ford, among others, to commercialize this revolutionary new power source. Additional customers using the Ballard fuel cell include General Motors, Nissan, Honda and Volkswagen.
The Ballard fuel cell combines hydrogen, which can be obtained from methanol, natural gas or petroleum, with oxygen from the air to generate electricity. It's electricity that powers the vehicle and the only byproduct from this chemical reaction is water.
DaimlerChryler's experimental NECAR 4, for example, is powered by liquid hydrogen stored in a cryogenic cylinder, much like a large thermos, at the rear of the vehicle. The Ballard's PEM fuel cell in the vehicle contains a platinum-coated membrane that separates the hydrogen into protons and electrons and mixes them with oxygen from the air to form water. The alternating deficit of protons and electrons produces the electric power that drives the car.
The latest vehicle powered by a fuel cell is Ford's TH!NK FC5 prototype introduced at the 2000 North American Auto Show in Detroit. Based on a four-door 2000 Ford Focus, the TH!NK FC5 is a family-size sedan powered by the most advanced fuel cell system to date. The system was manufactured by Ballard, DaimlerChrysler, and Ford affiliate dbb fuel cell engines inc. The electric motor was manufactured by Ecostar Electric Drive Systems, another Ballard, DaimlerChrysler and Ford affiliated company.
"Ford's FC5 is the first prototype vehicle to be shown using the Ballard Mark 900 Series fuel cell power module," says Firoz Rasul, Ballard's chairman and CEO. "The integration of the fuel cell module into a methanol-fuelled vehicle without compromising passenger or cargo space reflects ddb's advancements in methanol-reforming technology and Ballard's significant progress in reducing the size and weight of the fuel cell stack."
The Mark 900 model uses a single integrated fuel cell stack, replacing the two or three distinct Mark 700 stacks used in previous automotive prototypes.
Ford chairman William Clay Ford Jr. was reported at the unveiling as saying the fuel cell will end the 100-year reign of the internal combustion engine.
It's acknowledged, of course, that this may be many years away. Not only do manufacturers have to gear up with workable and economic vehicles that will gain public acceptance, the entire fuelling infrastructure will have to make the transition from a petroleum-based economy to one providing a plentiful supply of low-cost hydrogen.
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